Running with the GIL disabled

Info

Most of the content on this page is also covered in the Python 3.13 release notes.

Note

The free-threaded Python executable will always have a python3.13t alias (for Python 3.13); whether python, python3 and/or python3.13 point at the free-threaded executable or not will depend on the installation method (see the install guide for more details).

For example, the Python 3.13 Windows installer from python.org installs the free-threaded binary as python3.13t.exe (with a "t" suffix to indicate it is "t"hreaded), whereas the standard GIL-enabled Python binary is simply named python.exe (as usual). If you cannot find the free-threaded binary, that means the free-threaded option was not selected during installation.

You can verify your build of CPython itself has the GIL disabled with the following incantation:

python -VV

If you are using Python 3.13b1 or newer, you should see a message like:

Python 3.13.0b1+ experimental free-threading build (heads/3.13:d93c4f9, May 21 2024, 10:54:14) [Clang 15.0.0 (clang-1500.1.0.2.5)]

Verify that the GIL is disabled at runtime with the following incantation:

python -c "import sys; print(sys._is_gil_enabled())"

To force Python to keep the GIL disabled even after importing a module that does not support running without it, use the PYTHON_GIL environment variable or the -X gil command line option:

# these are equivalent
PYTHON_GIL=0 python
python -Xgil=0